ESDU TN 06023

CFD validation studies for pressure loss and flow characteristics in sudden contractions.

Abstract:

This Technical Note describes the CFD studies conducted by ESDU for the validation of the predictions of pressure loss and flow characteristics in sharp-, round- and chamfer-edged sudden contractions, in support of the correlations in ESDU 05024. The CFD calculations were carried out using the CFD package CFX5 by ANSYS Inc., and were compared with data found in the literature. The CFD predictions for the flow fields were compared with LDA measurements and numerical studies. The CFD for predictions the pressure loss coefficient were compared with the experimental data and correlations. The fluid was assumed incompressible and Newtonian. The flow regimes were laminar, transitional, and turbulent (1 =< Re =< 10⁶). Best Practice Guidelines for the CFD modelling of the flow in sudden contractions are provided.

Indexed under:

None

Details:

Data Item ESDU TN 06023
Format:	PDF with interactive graphs
Status:	Amendment (A), 01 Mar 2007 Published in Release 2007-02
Previous Releases:	ESDU TN 06023
ISBN:	978 1 86246 599 2

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This Data Item contains 65 interactive graph(s) as listed below.

Graph	Title
Figure 1a - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 23, upstream of the contraction plane
Figure 1a - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 23, upstream of the contraction plane
Figure 1b - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 23, downstream of the contraction plane
Figure 1b - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 23, downstream of the contraction plane
Figure 2a - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 196, upstream of the contraction plane
Figure 2a - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 196, upstream of the contraction plane
Figure 2b - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 196, downstream of the contraction plane
Figure 2b - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 196, downstream of the contraction plane
Figure 3a - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 196, upstream of the contraction plane
Figure 3a - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 196, upstream of the contraction plane
Figure 3b - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 196, downstream of the contraction plane
Figure 3b - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 196, downstream of the contraction plane
Figure 4a - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 1213, upstream of the contraction plane
Figure 4a - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 1213, upstream of the contraction plane
Figure 4b - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 1213, downstream of the contraction plane
Figure 4b - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Re_l = 1213, downstream of the contraction plane
Figure 5a - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for pressure profiles with Durst and co-workers numerical results for Re_l = 563 and A₂/A₁ = 0.285, upstream of the contraction plane
Figure 5a - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for pressure profiles with Durst and co-workers numerical results for Re_l = 563 and A₂/A₁ = 0.285, upstream of the contraction plane
Figure 5b - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for pressure profiles with Durst and co-workers numerical results for Re_l = 563 and A₂/A₁ = 0.285, downstream of the contraction plane
Figure 5b - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for pressure profiles with Durst and co-workers numerical results for Re_l = 563 and A₂/A₁ = 0.285, downstream of the contraction plane
Figure 6a	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for upstream separation size with Durst and co-workers numerical results for A₂/A₁ = 0.285, separation length
Figure 6b	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for upstream separation size with Durst and co-workers numerical results for A₂/A₁ = 0.285, separation height
Figure 7a	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for downstream separation size with Durst and co-workers measurements and numerical results for A₂/A₁ = 0.285, separation length
Figure 7b	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for downstream separation size with Durst and co-workers measurements and numerical results for A₂/A₁ = 0.285, separation height
Figure 8	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for static pressure loss coefficient with Kaye and Rosen measurements for A₂/A₁ = 0.285
Figure 9a	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A₂/A₁ = 0.285, laminar to turbulent flow
Figure 9b	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A₂/A₁ = 0.285, transitional and turbulent flow
Figure 10a - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results upstream of the contraction plane for Re_l = 1.54 x 10⁵ and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = -0.5
Figure 10a - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results upstream of the contraction plane for Re_l = 1.54 x 10⁵ and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = -0.5
Figure 10b - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results upstream of the contraction plane for Re_l = 1.54 x 10⁵ and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = -0.1
Figure 10b - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results upstream of the contraction plane for Re_l = 1.54 x 10⁵ and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = -0.1
Figure 11a - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results downstream of the contraction plane for Re_l = 1.54 x 10⁵ and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = 0.15
Figure 11a - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results downstream of the contraction plane for Re_l = 1.54 x 10⁵ and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = 0.15
Figure 11b - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results downstream of the contraction plane for Re_l = 1.54 x 10⁵ and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = -0.1
Figure 11b - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results downstream of the contraction plane for Re_l = 1.54 x 10⁵ and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = -0.1
Figure 12 - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results upstream and downstream of the contraction plane for Re_l = 1.54 x 105 and A₂/A₁ = 0.332
Figure 12 - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results upstream and downstream of the contraction plane for Re_l = 1.54 x 105 and A₂/A₁ = 0.332
Figure 13 - Part 1	Comparison of the ESDU CFD local centreline velocity with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements for Re_l = 1.54 x 105 and A₂/A₁ = 0.332
Figure 13 - Part 2	Comparison of the ESDU CFD local centreline velocity with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements for Re_l = 1.54 x 105 and A₂/A₁ = 0.332
Figure 14	Comparison of the ESDU CFD downstream core flow extent with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements for Re_l = 1.54 x 105 and A₂/A₁ = 0.332
Figure 15	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for static pressure loss coefficient with Kaye and Rosen measurements for A₂/A₁ = 0.135
Figure 16	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for static pressure loss coefficient with Kaye and Rosen measurements for A₂/A₁ = 0.332
Figure 17	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for static pressure loss coefficient with Kaye and Rosen measurements for A₂/A₁ = 0.629
Figure 18a	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A₂/A₁ = 0.135. Laminar to turbulent flow
Figure 18b	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A₂/A₁ = 0.135. Transitional and turbulent flow
Figure 19a	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A₂/A₁ = 0.332. Laminar to turbulent flow
Figure 19b	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A₂/A₁ = 0.332. Transitional and turbulent flow
Figure 20a	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A₂/A₁ = 0.629. Laminar to turbulent flow
Figure 20b	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A₂/A₁ = 0.629. Transitional and turbulent flow
Figure 21	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with Bullen measurements and Crane, Miller, Idel'chik correlations for Re₂ = 3 x 10⁵
Figure 22	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with Benedict measurements and ESDU CFD data at the flow reattachment point for Re₂ = 3 x 10⁵
Figure 23	Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with Harris measurement for Re_l = 10⁵
Figure 27	Comparisons for the recovery length
Figure 28	Comparisons for the kinetic energy factor
Figure 29	Comparisons for the momentum profile factor
Figure 30	Comparison with Crane correlation for the continuity-mean round-edge factor
Figure 31	Comparison for the continuity-mean round-edge factor with Miller and Idel'chik correlations and Bullen's experimental data
Figure 32	Comparison for the continuity-mean round-edge factor with Miller correlation and Hamilton's experimental data
Figure 33a	Comparison for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik correlation for angle = 15 degrees
Figure 33b	Comparisons for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik and Miller correlations for angle = 30 degrees
Figure 33c	Comparisons for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik and Miller correlations for angle = 45 degrees
Figure 33d	Comparison for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik correlation for angle = 60 degrees
Figure 34a	Comparisons for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik correlation for l_e/D₂ = 0.05
Figure 34b	Comparisons for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik correlation for l_e/D₂ = 0.1
Figure 34c	Comparisons for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik correlation for l_e/D₂ = 0.2