ESDU TN 06023
CFD validation studies for pressure loss and flow characteristics in sudden contractions.
Abstract:
This Technical Note describes the CFD studies conducted by ESDU for the validation of the predictions of pressure loss and flow characteristics in sharp-, round- and chamfer-edged sudden contractions, in support of the correlations in ESDU 05024. The CFD calculations were carried out using the CFD package CFX5 by ANSYS Inc., and were compared with data found in the literature. The CFD predictions for the flow fields were compared with LDA measurements and numerical studies. The CFD for predictions the pressure loss coefficient were compared with the experimental data and correlations. The fluid was assumed incompressible and Newtonian. The flow regimes were laminar, transitional, and turbulent (1 =< Re =< 106). Best Practice Guidelines for the CFD modelling of the flow in sudden contractions are provided.Indexed under:
- None
Details:
Data Item ESDU TN 06023 | |
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Graph | Title |
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Figure 1a - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 23, upstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 1a - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 23, upstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 1b - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 23, downstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 1b - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 23, downstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 2a - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 196, upstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 2a - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 196, upstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 2b - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 196, downstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 2b - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 196, downstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 3a - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 196, upstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 3a - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 196, upstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 3b - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 196, downstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 3b - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 196, downstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 4a - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 1213, upstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 4a - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 1213, upstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 4b - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 1213, downstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 4b - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Durst and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results for Rel = 1213, downstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 5a - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for pressure profiles with Durst and co-workers numerical results for Rel = 563 and A2/A1 = 0.285, upstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 5a - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for pressure profiles with Durst and co-workers numerical results for Rel = 563 and A2/A1 = 0.285, upstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 5b - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for pressure profiles with Durst and co-workers numerical results for Rel = 563 and A2/A1 = 0.285, downstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 5b - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for pressure profiles with Durst and co-workers numerical results for Rel = 563 and A2/A1 = 0.285, downstream of the contraction plane |
Figure 6a | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for upstream separation size with Durst and co-workers numerical results for A2/A1 = 0.285, separation length |
Figure 6b | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for upstream separation size with Durst and co-workers numerical results for A2/A1 = 0.285, separation height |
Figure 7a | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for downstream separation size with Durst and co-workers measurements and numerical results for A2/A1 = 0.285, separation length |
Figure 7b | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for downstream separation size with Durst and co-workers measurements and numerical results for A2/A1 = 0.285, separation height |
Figure 8 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for static pressure loss coefficient with Kaye and Rosen measurements for A2/A1 = 0.285 |
Figure 9a | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A2/A1 = 0.285, laminar to turbulent flow |
Figure 9b | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A2/A1 = 0.285, transitional and turbulent flow |
Figure 10a - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results upstream of the contraction plane for Rel = 1.54 x 105 and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = -0.5 |
Figure 10a - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results upstream of the contraction plane for Rel = 1.54 x 105 and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = -0.5 |
Figure 10b - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results upstream of the contraction plane for Rel = 1.54 x 105 and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = -0.1 |
Figure 10b - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results upstream of the contraction plane for Rel = 1.54 x 105 and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = -0.1 |
Figure 11a - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results downstream of the contraction plane for Rel = 1.54 x 105 and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = 0.15 |
Figure 11a - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results downstream of the contraction plane for Rel = 1.54 x 105 and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = 0.15 |
Figure 11b - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results downstream of the contraction plane for Rel = 1.54 x 105 and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = -0.1 |
Figure 11b - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results downstream of the contraction plane for Rel = 1.54 x 105 and A2/A1 = 0.332: x/Dl = -0.1 |
Figure 12 - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results upstream and downstream of the contraction plane for Rel = 1.54 x 105 and A2/A1 = 0.332 |
Figure 12 - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD axial velocities with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements and numerical results upstream and downstream of the contraction plane for Rel = 1.54 x 105 and A2/A1 = 0.332 |
Figure 13 - Part 1 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD local centreline velocity with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements for Rel = 1.54 x 105 and A2/A1 = 0.332 |
Figure 13 - Part 2 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD local centreline velocity with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements for Rel = 1.54 x 105 and A2/A1 = 0.332 |
Figure 14 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD downstream core flow extent with Bullen and co-workers LDA measurements for Rel = 1.54 x 105 and A2/A1 = 0.332 |
Figure 15 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for static pressure loss coefficient with Kaye and Rosen measurements for A2/A1 = 0.135 |
Figure 16 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for static pressure loss coefficient with Kaye and Rosen measurements for A2/A1 = 0.332 |
Figure 17 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for static pressure loss coefficient with Kaye and Rosen measurements for A2/A1 = 0.629 |
Figure 18a | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A2/A1 = 0.135. Laminar to turbulent flow |
Figure 18b | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A2/A1 = 0.135. Transitional and turbulent flow |
Figure 19a | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A2/A1 = 0.332. Laminar to turbulent flow |
Figure 19b | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A2/A1 = 0.332. Transitional and turbulent flow |
Figure 20a | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A2/A1 = 0.629. Laminar to turbulent flow |
Figure 20b | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with experimental data and correlations for A2/A1 = 0.629. Transitional and turbulent flow |
Figure 21 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with Bullen measurements and Crane, Miller, Idel'chik correlations for Re2 = 3 x 105 |
Figure 22 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with Benedict measurements and ESDU CFD data at the flow reattachment point for Re2 = 3 x 105 |
Figure 23 | Comparison of the ESDU CFD data for total pressure loss coefficient with Harris measurement for Rel = 105 |
Figure 27 | Comparisons for the recovery length |
Figure 28 | Comparisons for the kinetic energy factor |
Figure 29 | Comparisons for the momentum profile factor |
Figure 30 | Comparison with Crane correlation for the continuity-mean round-edge factor |
Figure 31 | Comparison for the continuity-mean round-edge factor with Miller and Idel'chik correlations and Bullen's experimental data |
Figure 32 | Comparison for the continuity-mean round-edge factor with Miller correlation and Hamilton's experimental data |
Figure 33a | Comparison for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik correlation for angle = 15 degrees |
Figure 33b | Comparisons for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik and Miller correlations for angle = 30 degrees |
Figure 33c | Comparisons for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik and Miller correlations for angle = 45 degrees |
Figure 33d | Comparison for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik correlation for angle = 60 degrees |
Figure 34a | Comparisons for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik correlation for le/D2 = 0.05 |
Figure 34b | Comparisons for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik correlation for le/D2 = 0.1 |
Figure 34c | Comparisons for the continuity-mean chamfer-edge factor with Idel'chik correlation for le/D2 = 0.2 |