Abstract:

In most structural laminates analysis is simplified, stability is maximised, and distortion during manufacture is minimised if stacking sequences are used that ensure end load and shear, and bending and twisting moments, are all uncoupled. The uncoupled condition is termed special orthotropy. ESDU 82013 provides the definitive list of 455 specially-orthotropic stacking sequences for laminates of up to 21 layers. In addition notes are given on combining and extending the stacking sequences provided, and on stacking arrangements for laminates with large numbers of layers. Each sequence is accompanied by coefficients which allow simple and rapid calculation of the direct and flexural stiffnesses from the properties of the layers.