ESDU Aerofoils and Wings Segment
The ESDU Aerodynamics information contains a wide and ever-increasing range of data and methods applicable to the project design of aircraft, guided weapons, space rockets, etc. Data are given concerning general aerodynamics, including properties of the atmosphere; aerodynamics of airframe components, including the effect of power plant/airframe interactions for propeller-powered and jet aircraft; aerodynamics of the effect of surface imperfections on drag; aerodynamics of controls, flaps and leading-edge devices; aircraft stability, including derivative estimation; and aerodynamics of internal flow systems, including propulsion systems.
The Aerofoils and Wings Segment focuses on:
- Aerofoils at Subcritical and Supersonic Speeds - Pressure Distribution, Lift, Pitching Moment and Drag
- Critical Mach Number and Pressure Coefficient
- Flat Plates - Boundary Layers, Skin Friction and Surface Roughness
- Wings - Lift, Pitching Moment, Aerodynamic Centre, Spanwise Loading and Drag
This Collection contains:
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Organisational Documents
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Aerofoils and Wings - General
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ESDU 76003
Geometrical properties of cranked and straight-tapered wing planforms. -
ESDU TM 168
ESDU TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM
Derivation of equations for the geometrical properties of straight-tapered and multi-panel wings -
ESDU 10023
Computer program for calculation of equivalent straight-tapered wing planform -
ESDU 06020
Computer program for estimation of aerofoil characteristics at subcritical speeds: Lift-curve slope, zero-lift incidence and pitching moment, aerodynamic centre and drag polar minimum
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ESDU 76003
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Aerofoils at Subcritical Speeds - Pressure Distribution, Lift, Pitching Moment, Aerodynamic Centre
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ESDU AERO W.01.01.05
Slope of lift curve for two-dimensional flow. -
ESDU AERO W.01.01.07
Maximum lift coefficients for aerofoil sections at Mach numbers from 0.60 to 0.75. -
ESDU AERO A.08.01.05
Aerodynamic centre in two-dimensional flow. -
ESDU 66034
The low-speed stalling characteristics of aerodynamically smooth aerofoils. -
ESDU 71020
Aerofoils having a specified form of upper-surface pressure distribution: details and comments on design. -
ESDU 72024
Aerodynamic characteristics of aerofoils in compressible inviscid airflow at subcritical Mach numbers. -
ESDU TM 4
ESDU TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM
Correlations for some aerodynamic characteristics of aerofoils in incompressible inviscid flow. -
ESDU TM 5
ESDU TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM
Correlations for the aerodynamic characteristics of aerofoils in compressible inviscid flow -
ESDU 84026
Aerofoil maximum lift coefficient for Mach numbers up to 0.4. -
ESDU 97020
Slope of aerofoil lift curve for subsonic two-dimensional flow. -
ESDU 98011
Aerofoil incidence for zero lift in subsonic two- dimensional flow. -
ESDU 99003
Generation of GUNACA 23-series of low-drag aerofoils.
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ESDU AERO W.01.01.05
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Aerofoils at Subcritical Speeds - Drag
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ESDU AERO W.02.04.00
Information on the use of Data Items in the series Wings 02.04. -
ESDU AERO W.02.04.01
Drag of a smooth flat plate at zero incidence. -
ESDU AERO W.02.04.02
Profile drag of smooth wings. -
ESDU AERO W.02.04.03
Profile drag of smooth aerofoils with straight trailing- edges at low speeds. -
ESDU AERO W.02.04.09
Limit of grain size for laminar flow over wings or bodies. -
ESDU AERO W.02.04.11
Limit of surface waviness for laminar flow over wings. -
ESDU 67011
Profile drag at the drag-rise condition of aerofoils having a specified form of upper-surface pressure distribution at this condition. -
ESDU 00027
Aerofoil profile drag for Mach numbers below the drag rise condition. -
ESDU 06001
Aerofoil skin friction drag for Mach numbers below the drag-rise condition. -
ESDU 10017
A guide to the alleviation of the base drag of a two-dimensional flat plate with a blunt trailing edge
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ESDU AERO W.02.04.00
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Aerofoils at Supersonic Speeds - Pressure Distribution, Lift, Pitching Moment, Drag
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ESDU AERO W.S.00.03.03
Introductory Item on two-dimensional aerofoils at supersonic speeds. -
ESDU AERO W.S.00.03.04
Theoretical properties of two-dimensional supersonic aerofoils of simple section. -
ESDU AERO W.S.00.03.05
The calculation of the theoretical characteristics of two-dimensional aerofoils at supersonic speeds. -
ESDU AERO W.S.02.03.07
Base pressure on aerofoil sections with a blunt trailing edge in supersonic flow. -
ESDU AERO W.S.02.03.10
Wave drag of flat plates with blunt noses at zero incidence. -
ESDU AERO W.S.02.04.12
Skin friction drag coefficients for a flat plate in two-dimensional flow with zero heat transfer. -
ESDU AERO W.S.02.04.13
Profile drag coefficients for two-dimensional biconvex aerofoil with zero heat transfer at supersonic speeds. -
ESDU AERO W.S.05.03.01
Pressure distribution on blunt noses of two-dimensional sections at zero incidence in supersonic flow.
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ESDU AERO W.S.00.03.03
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Critical Mach Number and Pressure Coefficient
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ESDU 74008
Estimation of critical Mach number for an aerofoil from its low-speed pressure distribution. -
ESDU 75027
Critical pressure coefficient and component of local Mach number normal to the surface isobar for a swept wing. -
ESDU AERO W.00.03.01
Critical Mach number for high speed aerofoil sections.
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ESDU 74008
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Flat Plates - Boundary Layers, Skin Friction and Surface Roughness
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ESDU 68019
The compressible two-dimensional laminar boundary layer, both with and without heat transfer, on a smooth flat plate, with application to wedges, cylinders, and cones. -
ESDU 68020
The compressible two-dimensional turbulent boundary layer, both with and without heat transfer, on a smooth flat plate, with application to wedges, cylinders and cones -
ESDU TM 213
ESDU TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM
Curve fits to the Spalding and Chi mean and local skin friction data -
ESDU 73016
The mean skin friction coefficient for a rough flat plate with a turbulent two-dimensional boundary layer in compressible adiabatic flow, with application to wedges, cylinders and cones.
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ESDU 68019
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Wings - Lift, Pitching Moment, Aerodynamic Centre, Spanwise Loading
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ESDU 70011
Lift-curve slope and aerodynamic centre position of wings in inviscid subsonic flow. -
ESDU TM 169
ESDU TECHNICAL MEMORANDUM
Wing lift-curve slope in inviscid subsonic flow: Improvements to the Helmbold-Diederich equation and comparison with data from ESDU 70011 -
ESDU 70012
Lift-curve slope and aerodynamic centre position of wings in inviscid supersonic flow. -
ESDU 70015
Fluid forces and moments on flat plates. -
ESDU 71006
Low-speed longitudinal aerodynamic characteristics of slender wings. -
ESDU 71007
Low-speed normal force and pitching moment of slender wings in ground effect -
ESDU 83040
Method for the rapid estimation of spanwise loading of wings with camber and twist in subsonic attached flow. -
ESDU 87001
Wing pitching moment at zero lift at subcritical Mach numbers. -
ESDU 87031
Wing angle of attack for zero lift at subcritical Mach numbers. -
ESDU 88030
Boundaries of linear characteristics of cambered and twisted wings at subcritical Mach numbers. -
ESDU 89034
The maximum lift coefficient of plain wings at subsonic speeds. -
ESDU 90013
Normal force and pitching moment of low aspect ratio cropped-delta wings up to high angles of attack at supersonic speeds. -
ESDU 93015
Program for calculation of maximum lift coefficient of plain aerofoils and wings at subsonic speeds. -
ESDU 93034
Normal force of low-aspect-ratio cropped-delta wings up to high angles of attack at subsonic speeds. -
ESDU 95010
Computer program for estimation of spanwise loading of wings with camber and twist in subsonic attached flow. Lifting-surface theory. (With Appendix A: effect of plain flaps.) -
ESDU 95022
Pitching moment of low-aspect-ratio cropped-delta wings up to high angles of attack at subsonic speeds. -
ESDU AERO W.01.01.01
Lift-curve slope of swept and tapered wings. -
ESDU AERO W.01.01.04
Effect of cut-out on lift-curve slope.
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ESDU 70011
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Wings - Drag
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ESDU 66031
Introductory sheet on subcritical lift-dependent drag of wings. -
ESDU 66032
Subsonic lift-dependent drag due to boundary layer of plane, symmetrical section wings. -
ESDU 74035
Subsonic lift-dependent drag due to the trailing vortex wake for wings without camber or twist. -
ESDU 75004
Wave drag of wings at zero lift in inviscid airflow. -
ESDU 94037
Leading-edge suction distribution for plane thin wings at subsonic speeds. -
ESDU 94038
Computer program for estimation of leading-edge suction distribution for plane thin wings at subsonic speeds. -
ESDU 95025
Drag due to lift for plane swept wings, alone or in combination with a body, up to high angles of attack at subsonic speeds. -
ESDU 96025
Drag due to lift for non-planar swept wings up to high angles of attack at subsonic speeds. -
ESDU 07002
Wing viscous drag coefficient in shock-free attached flow. -
ESDU 07003
Modelling of wing viscous drag coefficient in shock-free attached flow. -
ESDU 10022
Trailing-vortex drag coefficient in shock-free attached flow - cambered and twisted wings -
ESDU AERO W.S.02.03.02
Theoretical lift-dependent drag of wings at supersonic speeds. -
ESDU AERO W.S.02.03.09
Transonic drag rise of rectangular symmetrical section wings at zero lift. NACA 65 series sections.
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ESDU 66031