ESDU A-Z Index: AF-AL
- Incremental afterbody drag, 16003
- Incremental afterbody force, 16003
- Planform Areas of Various Shapes and Their Centroids, 77028
- Pressure at Downstream End of Boat-Tail on Truncated Circular-Arc or Parabolic-Arc
- effect of supersonic Mach number and geometry, 00026
- Pressure at Downstream End of Boat-Tail on Truncated Conical
- effect of supersonic Mach number and geometry, 00017
- Pressure Distribution on Circular-Arc, Conical or Parabolic-Arc (Long Afterbodies)
- effect of supersonic Mach number and geometry, AERO B.S.05.03.01
- Pressure Distribution on Circular-Arc, Conical or Parabolic-Arc (Short Afterbodies)
- effect of supersonic Mach number and geometry, 00028
- Pressure Distribution on Circular-Arc or Parabolic-Arc in Supersonic Flow With Central Jet
- base pressure less than pressure on end of boat-tail, 00028, AERO B.S.05.03.01
- Pressure Distribution on Conical in Supersonic Flow With Central Jet
- base pressure less than pressure on end of boat-tail, 00028, AERO B.S.05.03.01
- Pressure Distribution on Truncated Circular-Arc, Conical or Parabolic-Arc (Long Afterbodies)
- effect of supersonic Mach number and geometry, AERO B.S.05.03.01
- Pressure Distribution on Truncated Circular-Arc, Conical or Parabolic-Arc (Short Afterbodies)
- effect of supersonic Mach number and geometry, 00028
- Pressure Distribution on Truncated Circular-Arc or Parabolic-Arc in Supersonic Flow With Central Jet
- base pressure less than pressure on end of boat-tail, 00028, AERO B.S.05.03.01
- Pressure Distribution on Truncated Conical in Supersonic Flow With Central Jet
- base pressure less than pressure on end of boat-tail, 00028, AERO B.S.05.03.01
- Pressure Drag on Circular-Arc or Parabolic-Arc in Subsonic or Transonic Flow
- effect of Mach number and geometry, 96012
- Pressure Drag on Conical or Truncated Conical in Subsonic Flow
- effect of Mach number and geometry, 77020
- effect of rounding after- to mid-body junction, 77020
- Pressure Drag on Conical or Truncated Conical in Supersonic Flow
- effect of Mach number and geometry, 79022
- Pressure Drag on Conical or Truncated Conical in Transonic Flow
- effect of Mach number and geometry, 78041
- Pressure Drag on Truncated Circular-Arc or Parabolic-Arc in Subsonic Flow With Central Jet
- annular base width greater than 0.05 base diameter, 02012
- negligible annular base area, 01012
- Pressure Drag on Truncated Circular-Arc or Parabolic-Arc in Subsonic or Transonic Flow
- effect of Mach number and geometry, 96012
- Pressure Drag on Truncated Circular-Arc or Parabolic-Arc in Supersonic Flow With Central Jet
- base pressure less than pressure at end of boat-tail, 00026
- Pressure Drag on Truncated (Circular-Arc Running into Conical) in Subsonic Flow With Central Jet
- negligible annular base area, 01012
- Pressure Drag on Truncated Conical in Supersonic Flow With Central Jet
- base pressure less or greater than pressure at end of boat-tail, 00017
- base pressure less than pressure at end of boat-tail, 00026
- Pressure Drag on Truncated (Parabolic-Arc Running into Conical) in Subsonic Flow With Central Jet
- negligible annular base area, 01012
- Surface Area and Volume, Tail Angle or Radius of Curvature of Various Shapes and Cross-Sections, 77028
- Truncated Circular-Arc, Conical or Parabolic-Arc in Supersonic Flow
- boat-tail angle as function of dimensions, 00026, 00028
- Wave Drag on Circular-Arc, Conical or Parabolic-Arc
- effect of Mach number and geometry, AERO B.S.02.03.02
- introduction to estimation methods and effect of cross-section shape, AERO B.S.02.03.01
- Wave Drag on Truncated Circular-Arc, Conical or Parabolic-Arc
- effect of Mach number and geometry, AERO B.S.02.03.02
- introduction to estimation methods and effect of cross-section shape, AERO B.S.02.03.01
- Wave Drag on Truncated Circular-Arc, Conical or Parabolic-Arc of Elliptical Cross Section, AERO B.S.02.03.01
- effect of Mach number and geometry, AERO B.S.02.03.02
- see also
- Cowls
- Interference Wave Drag
- conical, ducted conical or parabolic-arc forebody with mid-body, AERO B.S.02.03.08
- conical or truncated conical or parabolic-arc afterbody with mid-body, AERO B.S.02.03.08
- Planform Areas of Various Shapes and Their Centroids, 77028
- Surface Area and Volume, Nose or Tail Angle or Radius of Curvature
- various shapes and cross-sections, 77028
- Calculation of Deflection Required in Steady Asymmetric Level Flight
- estimation of order of magnitude, 01010
- sideslipping, turning or with failed engine, 01010
- Estimation of Rolling Moment Due to Plain (L sub xi or C sub l delta a), 88013, 88040
- Estimation of Yawing Moment Due to Plain (N sub xi or C sub n delta a), 88029, 88040
- Calculation of Runway Surface Temperature From Air Temperature and Ambient Temperature, TM 188
- Compressibility Factor
- pressure and temperature variation in gaseous state, 88025
- Density
- altitude variation in model atmospheres, 68046, 72018, 77021, 77022, 78008
- Dynamic Viscosity
- altitude variation (- 0.5 km to 80 km) in model atmosphere, 77021, 77022
- temperature variation (100 K to 3 000 K) in gaseous state, 73017
- temperature variation (215 K to 290 K) in gaseous state, 77021, 77022
- temperature variation in liquid state, 66024
- Forced Convection Heat Transfer in Ducts
- variable gas property effects, 81045, 92003, AERO 00.02.05
- Gas Constant, AERO 00.01.09
- Kinematic Viscosity
- altitude variation (- 0.5 km to 80 km) in model atmosphere, 77021
- temperature variation in liquid state, 66024
- Mean Free Path
- altitude variation (80 km to 1 000 km) in model atmosphere, 77021
- Mean Particle Speed
- altitude variation (80 km to 1 000 km) in model atmosphere, 77021
- Molecular Mass, AERO 00.01.08
- altitude variation (80 km to 1 000 km) in model atmosphere, 77021
- Molecular Vibrational Temperature, AERO 00.01.09
- Sources of Data for Thermodynamic and Transport Properties
- in liquid and gaseous states, 87009
- Specific Enthalpy
- pressure and temperature variation in gaseous state, 88025
- temperature variation in gaseous state, AERO 00.01.09
- Specific Heat Capacity at Constant Pressure
- pressure and temperature variation in gaseous state, AERO 00.01.09
- Specific Heat Capacity Ratio
- pressure and temperature variation in gaseous state, AERO 00.01.09
- temperature variation in gaseous state, AERO 00.01.08
- Speed of Sound
- altitude variation in model atmospheres, 68046, 72018, 77021, 77022
- pressure and temperature variation in gaseous state, 73017
- temperature variation in gaseous state, 69026
- Thermal Conductivity
- altitude variation (- 0.5 km to 80 km) in model atmosphere, 77021
- temperature variation (200 K to 1 000 K) in gaseous state, 77031
- temperature variation (200 K to 1 500 K) in gaseous state, 99005
- temperature variation (215 K to 290 K) in gaseous state, 77021
- see
- Gas Bearings
- see
- Landing
- see also
- Spoilers
- Centre of Pressure and Normal Force, 70015
- Effect of Cabin Pressure and Its Rate of Change on Climb and Descent Profiles
-
- see
- Cabin Conditions
- Guidance on Contribution to Aircraft Drag, 94044
- Noise Generation and Transmission in Ducting
- see also
- Heat Exchangers
- see
- Aerodynamic Loading
- Ailerons
- Attitude Angles
- Axes Systems in Aircraft Dynamics and Performance
- Control Systems
- Direction Angles
- Dutch Roll
- Dynamic Stability
- Equations of Motion
- Handling Qualities
- Incidence Angles
- Lateral Stability and Response
- Linear Systems
- Longitudinal Stability and Response
- Non-Linear Systems
- Notation
- Parameter Identification
- Rolling
- Rudder
- Sampled-Data Systems
- Static Aeroelasticity
- see
- Fatigue Loading
- Airframe noise, 90023
- Bandwidth correction, 17011
- Boundary layer noise, 75021, TM 58
- Buzz-saw noise, 75020
- Cabin noise, internal noise, 02008, 04023, 07001
- Combination of noise levels in dB, 17012
- Combustor noise, combustion noise, 05001
- Contour Plotting of Wing Reflection Effects, TM 198
- Estimation of sideline noise in subjective noise metrics, 82027 Addendum
- Fan noise, compressor noise, 98008
- Far-field jet noise, 11002, 89041, 98019
- Ground reflection effects, 94035
- Introduction to aircraft noise, 02020
- Jet-by-jet noise shielding, 88023
- Jet Engine Installation Effects, TM 198
- Lateral attenuation, 81035, 82027
- Near-field jet noise, 99006
- Noise shielding by barriers, 79011
- Prediction Methods, 09009
- Propeller noise, 11005, 76020, 96027
- Rectangular Planform in Flat Plate, 09001, 09002, 16004
- Section properties of fuselage stiffeners, 07001 Addendum
- Shock noise from supersonic jets, 13001
- Sound absorption coefficients of liners, 74003, 74004
- Sound attenuation due to air absorption, 78002, 78003
- Sound attenuation in circular ducts, 00012
- Sound attenuation in rectangular and annular ducts, 00024
- Sound propagation, 94036
- Sound propagation in the presence of wind and temperature gradients, 04011, 89036
- Sound radiation from circular ducts, 01015
- Static-to-flight effects on coaxial jet noise, 14014
- Static-to-flight effects on single-stream jet noise, 87011
- Turbine noise, 12001
- Wing-reflection Effects, TM 198
- Accumulation of rainfall on runway surfaces,, 19005
- Aircraft on Wet/Dry or Contaminated Runway, 13002
- Atmospheric Data for Use in, 68046, 69026, 72018
- Correlation of Changes in Drag-Minus-Thrust and Lift in Airborne Manoeuvre
- discussion of effect of landing style, 92020
- example plots for wide range of aircraft and powerplants, 92020
- from speeds at screen and touch-down, 92020
- Detailed Example
- using accelerometers, air-data system or inertial system, 79018
- Equations for Computation of Atmospheric Data for Use in, 77022
- Examples of Use of Statistical Techniques Applied to Measurements
- to derive a relation between ground run in landing and approach speed, 92021
- to derive certification airborne distance from airborne time, speeds and rates of descent, 92022
- to derive changes to second segment climb schedule due to small airframe changes, 93023
- to estimate from simulation data probability of a short or long autolanding, 91019
- to provide customer guarantees of range from flight test data, 91018
- Explanations of Various Corrections to Measurements
- effects of buoyancy, flexibility and wind, 79018
- Introduction to Data Items on, 80009
- Introduction to Use of Statistical Techniques, 91017
- Piston-Engine Aircraft
- methods available for, 80009
- rate of climb, 70023
- Rate of Climb
- effect of small changes in density, drag, weight, thrust (or power), 94039
- Speed in Level Flight
- effect of small changes in drag, weight, thrust (or power), 86004
- Turbo-Fan and Turbo-Jet Aircraft, 70020, 80009
-
- see also
- Buoyancy
- Gravitational Acceleration
- centre of gravity variation effects, 70020
- engine operation effects, 70020
- fuel consumption, 70021, 70022
- range, 70021, 70022, PERF RJ2/0
- rate of climb, 70021, 70023, PERF RJ1/2
- Reynolds number effects, 70020
- speed in level flight, 70021, 70022
- thrust inclination to flight path effects, 70020
- thrust measurement in flight, 69006, 69007, 69008
- Turbo-Prop Aircraft, 80009
- rate of climb, 70023
- Vectored-Jet-Thrust
- take-off performance, including ski-jump, 87037
- Aircraft on Wet/Dry or Contaminated Runway, 13002
- Applications of Data Calculated
- in airworthiness, design, flight testing and operations, 80026
- Conditions for Minimum Drag and Minimum Power, 81026
- Estimation of Effect of Small Changes on Level Speed
- drag, weight, thrust (or power), 86004
- Estimation of Effect of Small Changes on Rate of Climb
- density, drag, weight, thrust (or power), 94039
- Estimation of Trim Drag Due to Asymmetry
- inoperative engine or other sources, 88006
- Estimation of Variability of Characteristic Due to Contributions of Component Variabilities, 91020
- Introduction to Data Items on, 80026
- Program Using Known Airframe Drag Characteristics and Installed Thrust/Fuel Consumption
- point behaviour including specific range and ceiling, 00031, 00032, 00033, 00034, 00035, 00036, 00037, 00038, 00039
- Representation of Drag by Simple Laws
- parabolic with minimum at zero or at finite lift, 81026
- Vectored-Jet-Thrust
- take-off performance, including ski-jump, 87037
- Introduction to Data Items on, 80009
- Piston-Engine Aircraft, 80009, PERF RP1/0
- fuel consumption and range, PERF RP1/3, PERF RP2/0
- landing and take-off, PERF RG2/1
- rate of climb, PERF RP1/2, PERF RP2/0
- speed in level flight, PERF RP1/1, PERF RP2/0
- Turbo-Fan and Turbo-Jet Aircraft, 80009
- fuel consumption and range, PERF RJ2/0
- landing and take-off, PERF RG2/1
- rate of climb, PERF RJ2/1
- speed in level flight, PERF RJ2/0
- Turbo-Prop Aircraft, 80009, PERF RT1/0
- fuel consumption and range, PERF RT1/3
- landing and take-off, PERF RG2/1
- rate of climb, PERF RT1/2
- speed in level flight, PERF RT1/1
- Vectored-Jet-Thrust
- non-dimensional parameters appropriate and their derivation, 87037
- see also
- Friction Coefficient
- Rubber
- Slip Ratio
- Accumulation of rainfall on runway surfaces, 19005
- Aircraft Tyre on Wet/Dry or Contaminated Runway, 10002, 10003, 10004, 13002
- Runway contaminants and the classification and distribution of hard runway surfaces, 15002
- Calculation of Runway Temperature From Air Temperature and Ambient Pressure to Determine Rebound Resilience, TM 188
- Decelerating Forces on Multiple-Wheel Undercarriages
- in line-astern and line-abreast arrangements, 11004
- rolling or braking on precipitate contaminated runways, 11004
- Design Factors and Effect on Tyre/Runway Braking Friction, 16008
- inflation pressure and tread materials and patterns, 16008
- Drag When Running Through Slush or Water
- multiple tyre undercarriage, 11004
- single tyre, 05011, 10015, 15007
- Drag When Running Through Slush, Water or Snow, 10002, 10003, 10004
- multi-wheel undercarriages rolling or braking, 13002
- Mumeter Mk 6: a continuous friction measuring device, TM 167
- Operating On A Snow-Covered Runway, 15008
- Planing of Aircraft Tyre, Partial Planing, Complete Planing, 15003, 15009
- Prediction of Sidespray Envelope for Water and Slush
- centre plume from inner edges of side-by-side tyre arrangement, 83042
- effect of cross wind or head or tail wind, 83042
- effect of tyre chine on height, 83042
- side plumes from outer edges of side-by-side tyre arrangement, 83042
- side plumes from single tyre, 83042
- use of spray alleviation deflectors, 83042
- width, height and location of inner and outer edges, 83042
- Pressure Under Tyre Footprint on Wet Surface, TM 211
- Sidespray Impingement Drag on Airframe
-
- see
- Impingement Drag
- Yawed Rolling (Unbraked)
- yawed tyre on wet or dry runway, 10002, 13007, 15007
- Aerofoil Oscillating in Heave or Pitch or With an Oscillating Control
-
- see also
- Pressure Distribution
- forces and moments as function of Mach number and frequency, 81034, 82005
- introduction to calculation methods in subsonic or supersonic flow, 82020
- lift, pitching moment and hinge moment in subsonic flow, 81034
- lift, pitching moment and hinge moment in supersonic flow, 82005
- use of aerofoil data in wing flutter calculation, 81034
- use to calculate flutter, 82020
- Bodies of Revolution Oscillating in Bending, Heave or Pitch
- lift distribution and pitching moment as function of frequency, 83010
- Relationship With Flutter Derivatives, 81034
- Relationship With Indicial Functions, 84020
- see also
- Boundary Layer
- Compressibility Factor
- pressure and temperature variation, AERO 00.01.11, AERO 00.01.12
- Density
- pressure and temperature variation, AERO 00.01.11, AERO 00.01.12
- Dynamic Viscosity
- pressure and temperature variation, AERO 00.01.07
- temperature variation at atmospheric pressures, 73017
- Prandtl Number
- pressure and temperature variation, AERO 00.01.07
- Real Gas Factor
- pressure and temperature variation, AERO 00.01.11, AERO 00.01.12
- Specific Enthalpy and Specific Entropy
- pressure and temperature variation, AERO 00.01.06, AERO 00.01.11, AERO 00.01.12
- Specific Heat Capacity Ratio
- pressure and temperature variation, AERO 00.01.06
- Speed of Sound
- pressure and temperature variation, 73017, AERO 00.01.06, AERO 00.01.11, AERO 00.01.12
- Thermal Conductivity
- pressure and temperature variation, AERO 00.01.07
- Approach Speeds, PERF EG6/2
- Definition of Climb Gradient, 70023
- Determination of Airborne Distance in Landing From Regression Applied to Measurements
- of airborne time, and screen and touchdown speeds and rates of descent, 92022
- Effect on Calculation of Accelerate-Stop and Take-Off Performance
- example procedure for typical transport aircraft, 87018
- Field Length Factors, 76011, 82033, 84040
- Load Factor Requirements For Various Aircraft Types, 94009
- Speeds for Landing and Take-Off, 85029
- Take-Off Field Lengths and Climb Gradients, 76011
- Treated as Constraint in Optimising Complete Sortie
- example calculation results, 93021
- Wet Runway Accountability, 85029
- see
- Cavities
- Definition, 70016
- Calibration Laws, 86031
- Convergent Nozzle in Altitude Test Facility, TM 189
- Effect of Cabin Pressure and Allowable Pressure Differential on Aircraft Operational
-
- see
- Cabin Conditions
- Geopotential
- Measurement in Flight
- Pressure
- definition, 77022, 86031
- Variation of Atmospheric Properties
-
- see
- Air
- see
- Ceramics
- Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate, 81031, 92030
-
- see also
- Crack Propagation
- characteristic slopes of plots against stress intensity factor, 81031
- effect of alloy composition and heat treatment, 81031, 92030
- effect of corrosive environment, 88007
- effect of mean stress (or stress ratio), 81031
- summary of available data, 23012
- Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate (Short Cracks), 92030
- effect of alloy composition and heat treatment, 92030
- Threshold Stress Intensity Factor Range
- effect of mean stress (or stress ratio), 81031
- see also
- Aluminium Alloys
- Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate, 81031
-
- see also
- Crack Propagation
- characteristic slopes of plots against stress intensity factor, 81031
- effect of alloy composition and heat treatment, 81031
- effect of corrosive environment, 88007
- effect of mean stress (or stress ratio), 81031
- summary of available data, 23012
- see also
- Aluminium Alloy Bars and Plates
- Aluminium Alloy Forgings
- Aluminium Alloy Sheets
- Aluminium-Lithium Alloy Bars
- Aluminium-Lithium Alloy Plates and Sheets
- Anodising
- Bonded Double-Strap Joints in Clad Aluminium Alloys
- Bonded Single-Lap Joints in Clad Aluminium Alloys
- Composite Structures
- Fretting Fatigue
- High-Load Transfer Joints in Aluminium Alloys
- Low-Load Transfer Joints in Aluminium Alloys
- Lugs (Fatigue Strength)
- Lugs (Static Strength)
- Materials Properties
- Medium-Load Transfer Joints in Aluminium Alloys
- Riveted Lap Joints in Aluminium Alloy Sheets
- Skin-Rib Joints in Aluminium Alloys
- Skin-Rib Joints in Composite Structures
- Welded Attachments in Aluminium Alloys
- Welded Longitudinal Joints in Aluminium Alloys
- Welded Tee Joints in Aluminium Alloys
- Welded Transverse Joints in Aluminium Alloys
- Bearing, Torsion and Shear Strengths 00932 (MMDH)
- Composition of Specific Specifications 00932 (MMDH)
- Corrosion Resistance 00932 (MMDH)
- Creep Behaviour and Elongation 00932 (MMDH)
- Cumulative Fatigue Damage
- predictive accuracy of Palmgren-Miner rule, 69024, 95006
- Cyclic Stress-Strain Curves, 11003
- Density 00932 (MMDH)
- Elastic Modulus in Compression 00932 (MMDH), 76016
- Elastic Modulus in Tension 00932 (MMDH)
- Elastic Modulus of Rigidity 00932 (MMDH)
- Electrical Conductivity 00932 (MMDH)
- Exfoliation Corrosion Resistance 00932 (MMDH)
- Explanation of Composition and Temper Designation System, 91039
- Fatigue Strength
- effect of surface finish, FAT E.07.02
- Fatigue Strength Improvement Obtained by Shot-Peening, 19004
-
- see also
- Shot Peening
- behaviour in salt water environment, 19004
- effect of fretting fatigue, 19004
- effect of post-treatment ageing, polishing or stretching, 19004
- effect of pre-treatment ageing or heat treatment, 19004
- Fatigue Strength Under Acoustic Loading, 72015
- effect of cladding, 72015
- Fatigue Strength Under Axial Loading of Notched Specimens, FAT E.07.02
- effect of compressive mean stress, 74038
- effect of tensile mean stress, FAT E.07.03
- Fatigue Strength Under Axial or Bending Loading of Notched or Unnotched Specimens
- effect of anodising, 87026
- Fatigue Strength Under Bending of Unnotched Specimens, FAT E.07.01
- effect of tensile mean stress, FAT E.07.03
- Fracture Toughness 00932 (MMDH)
- variation with temperature, 96013
- Generalised Stress-Strain Curves, 76016
- program to compute from modulus and two inelastic points, 89052
- Poisson's Ratio 00932 (MMDH)
- Proof Stresses in Compression 00932 (MMDH), 76016
- Proof Stresses in Tension 00932 (MMDH)
- Specific Heat Capacity 00932 (MMDH)
- Strain-Life Data, 11003
- Stress Corrosion Resistance 00932 (MMDH)
- Tensile Strength 00932 (MMDH)
- Thermal Conductivity 00932 (MMDH)
- Thermal Expansion Coefficient 00932 (MMDH)
- Typical Values of Density, Shear Modulus and Young's Modulus, 91001
- Use as Hydrodynamic Bearing Materials
- guide to selection, 88018
- Weldability 00932 (MMDH)
- Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate, 83007, 92030
-
- see also
- Crack Propagation
- characteristic slopes of plots against stress intensity factor, 83007
- effect of alloy composition and heat treatment, 83007
- effect of corrosive environment, 88007
- effect of mean stress (or stress ratio), 83007
- summary of available data, 23012
- Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate (Short Cracks), 92030
- Resistance Curves (R-Curves), 20003
-
- see also
- Resistance Curves
- effect of material specification, 20003, 20003
- Threshold Stress Intensity Factor Range, 83007
- effect of mean stress (or stress ratio), 83007
- Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate, 91015, 92030
-
- see also
- Crack Propagation
- effect of alloy composition and heat treatment, 91015, 92030
- effect of corrosive and other environments, 91015
- effect of mean stress (or stress ratio), 91015, 92030
- summary of available data, 23012
- Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate (Short Cracks), 92030
- effect of alloy composition and heat treatment, 92030
- effect of mean stress (or stress ratio), 92030
- Threshold Stress Intensity Factor Range, 91015
- effect of mean stress (or stress ratio), 91015