ESDU A-Z Index: F-FIK

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Fabric

Use as Filler in Polymer and Thermoset Materials

see: Dry Rubbing Bearings

Faceplate Wrinkling

Sandwich Beams

see: Beams of Sandwich Construction

Sandwich Panels With Isotropic Faceplates Under Biaxial In-Plane or Bending Loading

effect of core property variation on stress for, 88032

effect of initial irregularities on stress for, 88032

estimation of stress for, 88032

Sandwich Panels With Orthotropic Faceplates (Specially-Orthotropic or Unbalanced)

program for prediction under biaxial in-plane loading, 88015

Sandwich Struts

see: Struts of Sandwich Construction

Face Seals

see: Rotary Seals

Factors of Safety

see: Safety Factors

Fail-Safe Structure

Definition, 70016
Design Philosophy, 70018

Failure Criteria

Axial Load on Laminated Plates Tapered in Thickness: for delamination at ply drop-off, 91003
For Delamination at Free Edges in Laminated Plate, 95028
For Delamination Under Through-Thickness Stresses, 94019
For Failure of Ply Material in Laminated Plate Under Through-Thickness Stresses, 94019
In Individual Composite Lamina Under In-Plane Loadings: application and limitations of various, 83014; comparison of various with experimental results, 83014; expressions for various, 83014; graphs of various, 83014; strength testing methods to obtain input data for, 83014
In Metallic Materials: brittle or ductile, 84017, 85007, 94034, STRUCT 02.00.00
Use to Predict Laminate Layer Failure History, 84018

Failure Modes

In Metallic Materials: discussion of modes under fatigue loading or static loading, SS1
In Multidirectional Composite Laminates: discussion and illustration of modes due to in-plane loading, 82025
In Unidirectional Composite Laminates: discussion and illustration of all modes, 82025

Failure of Cam/follower Mechanisms

Guidance on Symptoms With Suggested Redesign Solutions, 01002
Surface Fatigue (Pitting) or Wear (Scuffing or Polishing) or Fatigue of Roller Bearing, 94017

Failure of Powerplant

see: Abandoned Take-Off; Asymmetric Flight; Inoperative Engine; Spillage Drag; Thrust of Turbo-Fan and Turbo-Jet Engines; Windmilling Engines; Windmilling Propellers

Fairings

Profile Drag Increment in Turbulent Boundary Layer

see: Excrescences

Rectangular Planform

see: Wave Drag

Undercarriage

see: Undercarriage Drag Estimation

Falling Film Evaporation

Inside Vertical Tubes: calculation of tube length required for particular duty, 98010; comparison of heat transfer prediction with experimental data, 98010; design features and typical tube dimensions of evaporators using, 98010; effect of liquid mixture on film thermal resistance, 98010; effect of vapour shear, 98010; heat transfer for laminar and turbulent films, 98010; heat transfer in sub-cooled (entry) region, 98010; minimum tube wetting rate, 98010; onset of nuclear boiling, 98010; thermal characteristics of evaporators using, 98010; use for concentrating solutions, 98010; use of non-condensable gas, 98010

Falstaff

see: Standard Fatigue Loading Sequences

Fanning Friction Factor

Pressure Losses in Internal Flow Systems, 66027

Fan Noise

see also: Turbomachinery Noise

Attenuation in Ducts

see: Noise in Air-Conditioning Duct Systems; Noise/sound Propagation

Prediction at Maximum Efficiency Point, 79037

Testing Methods and Comparison of Results, 79037

Fans (Incompressible Flow)

Application of Multiple Units, 79037

Control

bleed, speed, throttle, rotor blade angle and guide vane angle, 79037

Definitions and Terminology, 79037

Electric Motors for Use With

enclosures and insulation, 79037

overload protection, 79037

speed control, 79037

starting torque, 79037

types and their selection, 79037

Estimation of Impeller Diameter, External Dimensions and Power Required, 79037

Matching Characteristics to Those of System, 79037

Noise

see: Fan Noise

Non-Dimensional Parameters, 79037

Selection

to meet mechanical, noise and performance requirements, 79037

Similarity Laws, 79037

use to predict effect of size and speed changes, 79037

Types and Their Typical Performance Characteristics, 79037

Fan-Type Flowmeters

Pressure Drop Across, 66030

Fastening Systems

see also: Bolted Butt Joints with Cover Plates in Steels; Bolted Double Lap Joints in Steels; Bolted Doublers on Both Sides of Plate in Steels; Bolted Joints; Bolted Lap Joints; Bonded Double- or Single-Lap Joints; Bonded Double-Lap Joints; Bonded Double-Strap Joints in Clad Aluminium Alloys; Bonded Joints; Bonded Single-Lap Joints; Bonded Single-Lap Joints in Clad Aluminium Alloys; Clearance Fit; Club-Foot Fittings; High-Load Transfer Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Joints; Lap Joints; Low-Load Transfer Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Lugs (Fatigue Strength); Lugs (Static Strength); Lugs (Stress Concentration Factors); Lugs (Stress Intensity Factors); Medium-Load Transfer Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Nuts; Riveted Lap Joints in Aluminium Alloy Sheets; Screw Threads; Skin-Rib Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Skin-Rib Joints in Composite Structures; Skin-Rib Joints in General; Skin-Rib Joints in Titanium Alloys; Studs; Welded Attachments in Aluminium Alloys; Welded Joints in Steels; Welded Longitudinal Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Welded Longitudinal Joints in Steels Under Axial Loading; Welded Tee Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Welded Transverse Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Welded Transverse Joints in Steels Under Axial Loading; Welded Transverse Joints in Steels Under Bending

Considerations in Design Against Acoustic Fatigue, 86025

Fatigue

see also: Acoustic Fatigue; Fatigue Damage; Fatigue Life; Fatigue Limit; Fatigue Loading; Fatigue Strength; Fatigue Strength Reduction Factor; Fatigue Under Variable Amplitude Loading; Vibration and Acoustic Fatigue Series

Aircraft Structures

design principles, 70018

Design to Fatigue Limit, 75022

circlip grooves, 79032

General Design Principles, 71009

Presentation of Results, 70016

Statistical Analysis of Test Results

see: Statistics

Summary of Available Data, 20004

Terms and Notation in Analysis, 70016

Testing

see also: Standard Fatigue Loading Sequences

stress patterns, 70016

Fatigue Crack Propagation Rate

see: Aluminium Alloy Bars and Plates; Aluminium Alloy Forgings; Aluminium Alloy Sheets; Aluminium-Lithium Alloy Bars; Aluminium-Lithium Alloy Plates and Sheets; Austenitic Stainless Steels; Crack Propagation; High Alloy Steels; High Tensile Low Alloy Steels; Low Tensile Low Alloy Steels; Maraging Steels; Martensitic Stainless Steels; Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steels; Titanium Alloy (Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al); Titanium Alloy (Ti-11Sn-5Zr-2Al-1Mo); Titanium Alloy (Ti-2.5Cu); Titanium Alloy (Ti-4Al-3Mo-1v); Titanium Alloy (Ti-4Al-4Mo-2Sn-0.5Si); Titanium Alloy (Ti-4Al-4Mo-4Sn-0.5Si); Titanium Alloy (Ti-5Al-2.5Sn); Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-2Sn-2Zr-2Mo); Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo); Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo); Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V); Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-5Zr-0.5Mo-0.25Si); Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn); Titanium Alloy (Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V); Titanium Alloys; Titanium Sheets

Fatigue Damage

see also: Fatigue Under Variable Amplitude Loading

Definition, 70016

Fatigue Life

see also: Endurance (Fatigue Life); Fatigue Limit

Definition, 70016
Factor, 70018

Fatigue Limit

see also: High Tensile Low Alloy Steels; Low Tensile Low Alloy Steels; Steels

Definition, 70016
Design to, 75022
Effect of Surface Roughness: on value for steels, 74027
Reduction for Steel Due to Electrodeposited Chromium Plating, 86033: effect of pre-plating treatment by shot-peening, 86033

Fatigue Loading

Acoustic

see also: Acoustic Fatigue; Boundary Layer; Crossflow Heat Exchangers; Jet Noise; Pressure Correlation; Shell-And-Tube Heat Exchangers; Turbomachinery Noise

sources for aircraft, 20005, 86025

use of statistical energy analysis to calculate high frequency response to, 99009

Acoustic Tests

see: Acoustic Fatigue

Aircraft

see also: Indicial Aerodynamics; Standard Fatigue Loading Sequences

alleviating factor for vertical gusts, 69023, TM 217

application of data to estimating endurance of wings, 79024

calculation of load factor from vertical gust speed, 69023, TM 217

continuous gust method, TM 217

discrete gust method, TM 217

distance between 10 ft/s vertical gusts, 69023

effect of cloud warning radar on vertical gust frequency, 69023

frequency of various lateral load factors due to ground manoeuvres, 75008

frequency of various vertical gust speeds, 69023, TM 217

frequency of various vertical load factors in landing, 75008

frequency of various vertical load factors in take-off, 75008

frequency of various vertical load factors in taxiing, 75008

gust profiles, TM 217

load factor, TM 217

power spectral density, TM 217

statistical discrete gust method, TM 217

variation of vertical gust frequency with altitude, 69023

Buildings and Structures Due to Turbulence and Wind

see: Response of Buildings and Structures; Response of Buildings and Structures To Atmospheric Turbulence; Response of Buildings and Structures To Vortex Shedding

Contact Stresses, 00015, 78035, 84017, 85007, 93001, 94034

Discussion of Estimation, 75022

Helical Springs of Round Wire

increase in stresses due to cycling, 19003, 82008

Narrow- and Wide-Band Random

definition, 22001

Programme, Randomised Block and Randomised Tests

description, 70016

Random

description, 70016

Fatigue Strength

see also: Aluminium Alloys; Anodising; Austenitic Stainless Steels; Bolted Butt Joints with Cover Plates in Steels; Bolted Double Lap Joints in Steels; Bolted Doublers on Both Sides of Plate in Steels; Bolted Joints; Bonded Double-Strap Joints in Clad Aluminium Alloys; Bonded Single-Lap Joints in Clad Aluminium Alloys; Cams; Chromium Plating; Composite Structures; Contact Phenomena; Crack Propagation; Cylinders of Circular Section (Strength and Vibration); Disc Springs; Double Lock Nuts; Fretting Fatigue; Gears; High Tensile Low Alloy Steels; High-Load Transfer Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Integrally-Machined Panels; Joints; Low Tensile Low Alloy Steels; Low-Load Transfer Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Lugs (Fatigue Strength); Lugs (Static Strength); Lugs (Stress Concentration Factors); Lugs (Stress Intensity Factors); Maraging Steels; Martensitic Stainless Steels; Medium-Load Transfer Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Nuts; Precipitation Hardening Stainless Steels; Riveted Lap Joints in Aluminium Alloy Sheets; Screw Threads; Shafts with Interference-Fit Collars; Shafts with Keyways; Shot Peening; Skin-Rib Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Skin-Rib Joints in Titanium Alloys; Splined Steel Shaft Assemblies; Steels; Studs; Titanium Alloy (Ti-4Al-4Mo-2Sn-0.5Si); Titanium Alloy (Ti-5Al-2.5Sn); Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-4V); Titanium Alloy (Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn); Welded Attachments in Aluminium Alloys; Welded Cover Plates on Steel I-Beams; Welded Joints in Steels; Welded Longitudinal Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Welded Longitudinal Joints in Steels Under Axial Loading; Welded Stiffening Gussets on Steel I-Beams; Welded Tee Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Welded Transverse Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Welded Transverse Joints in Steels Under Axial Loading; Welded Transverse Joints in Steels Under Bending

Considerations in Improving: attention to surface condition, 71009, 75022; reduction of stress concentration, 71009, 75022; reduction of stress range, 71009, 75022
Definition, 70016
Relative: various hydrodynamic bearing materials, 88018
Size (Scale) Effect With or Without Stress Gradient, 87016
Surface Treatments of Steels to Improve: advantages and limitations of various, 89031; guidance on selection, 89031; mechanical, thermal and thermochemical, 89031; method by which residual stresses are induced, 89031

Fatigue Strength Improvement

see: Fatigue Strength; Fretting Fatigue

Fatigue Strength Reduction Factor

Definition, 70016, 75022
Notches, 75022

Fatigue Under Programme Loading

see: Fatigue Under Variable Amplitude Loading

Fatigue Under Random Loading

see: Fatigue Under Variable Amplitude Loading

Fatigue Under Variable Amplitude Loading

see also: Anodising; High-Load Transfer Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Low-Load Transfer Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Medium-Load Transfer Joints in Aluminium Alloys; Standard Fatigue Loading Sequences

Calculation of Endurance of Civil Aircraft Wings: analysis of cumulative frequency bending moment diagram, 79024; definition of ground-to-air cycle, 79024; detailed worked example, 79024
Cumulative Damage Calculations for Life Estimation From Constant Amplitude Data, 95006: determination of strain cycle at stress concentration taking account of size and yielding, 95006; determination of stress cycle at stress concentration taking account of size and yielding, 95006; discussion of choice between strain- and stress-life methods, 95006; preparation of constant amplitude test data for, 76014; selection of constant amplitude test data for, 76014; taking account of fretting and surface treatments using appropriate constant amplitude data, 95006
Definition of Stress Cycles: by rainflow or range-mean pairs method, 95006; relationship of cycle with hysteresis loading loop, 95006; various counting methods, 95006
Definitions of Terms, 70016
Palmgren-Miner Rule: application, 95006; definition, 70016; predictive accuracy, 69024; sources of error, 95006