ESDU Structures Series

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  • Section 1: Organisational Documents
    • ESDU 00030
      Structures Series organisation: preface amendment record.
  • Section 2: General Data
    • ESDU CFS
      Conversion factors
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.00.00
      Criteria of yielding and failure.
    • ESDU 68003
      Shafts with interference-fit collars. Part II: nominal elastic interface pressures and stresses.
    • ESDU 72013
      Principal stresses and strains in a two-dimensional stress field.
    • ESDU 72014
      Determination of the principal stresses and strains in a plane stress field from strain gauge data.
    • ESDU 76016
      Generalisation of smooth continuous stress-strain curves for metallic materials.
    • ESDU 83044
      Plasticity correction factors for plate buckling.
    • ESDU 91041
      The statistical analysis of data from Normal distributions, with particular reference to small samples.
    • ESDU 92040
      An introduction to the statistical analysis of engineering data.
  • Section 3: Section Constants
  • Section 4: Stress Concentrations
    • ESDU 64001
      Guide to stress concentration data.
    • ESDU 67008
      Elastic stresses in single lap joints under tension or compression
    • ESDU 67023
      Geometric stress concentrations. Two equal unreinforced circular holes in infinite flat plates.
    • ESDU 71011
      Stresses due to interference-fit pins and bushes in plates, strips or lugs.
    • ESDU 75007
      Geometric stress concentration factors: two adjacent unreinforced circular holes in infinite flat plates.
    • ESDU 75033
      Elastic stress concentration factors. Double radius fillets in shouldered shafts in torsion.
    • ESDU 79008
      Elastic stress concentration factors. Rectangular notch in the edge of a wide flat plate in tension.
    • ESDU 79032
      Stress concentrations at grooves for retaining rings or seals (with notes on design against fatigue).
    • ESDU 80027
      Elastic stress concentration factors. Single reinforced and unreinforced holes in infinite plates of isotropic materials.
    • ESDU 81006
      Stress concentration factors. Axially loaded lugs with clearance-fit pins.
    • ESDU 89048
      Elastic stress concentration factors. Geometric discontinuities in rods and tubes of isotropic materials.
    • ESDU 93030
      Three-dimensional elastic stress concentration factors. Plain or countersunk hole in a wide plate subjected to tension, bending or pin loading.
    • ESDU 09014
      Elastic stress concentration factors. Geometric discontinuities in flat bars or strips of isotropic material.
  • Section 5: Beams
    • ESDU 18001
      Information on the use of ESDU 18002, ESDU 18003 and ESDU 18004
    • ESDU 18002
      Form factors for circular sections under combined bending and axial load
    • ESDU 18003
      Form factors for flanged sections under combined bending and axial load
    • ESDU 18004
      Form factors for angle, tee and channel sections under combined bending and axial load
    • ESDU 69017
      The deflections and slopes of shafts or beams of constant or stepped section.
    • ESDU 71004
      Flange efficiency factors for curved beams under bending in the plane of curvature.
    • ESDU 88035
      Maximum inelastic bending moments and form factors for symmetric bending of beams.
    • ESDU 90004
      Maximum inelastic bending moments and end loads in fixed ratio for beam sections of general polygonal shape (computer program).
    • ESDU 90026
      Inelastic bending moments, end loads, stresses and strains for beam sections of general polygonal shape.
  • Section 6: Buckling of Rectangular Plates and Panels in Compression
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.02
      Average and edge stresses for long flat plates in compression for different edge conditions.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.03
      Average and edge stresses for thin flat aluminium alloy plates in compression.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.08
      Buckling in compression of sheet between rivets.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.09
      Inter-rivet buckling curves for specific materials.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.10
      Buckling stress coefficients for slightly curved plates with clamped edges.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.11
      Average and edge stresses for slightly curved plates with clamped edges in compression with initial irregularities.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.16
      Strength of stringers in panel in compression.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.17
      Nomogram for strength of stringers in panel in compression.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.22
      Buckling stress coefficients for flat rectangular plates in compression. (Edges restrained against rotation - antisymmetric rotation.)
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.23
      Average and edge stresses in long flat rectangular plates in compression under varying edge conditions.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.24
      Stiffness after buckling. Flat rectangular plates in compression. (Edges simply-supported.)
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.50
      Initial buckling of slightly curved plates under combined longitudinal and circumferential direct stress. (All edges simply-supported.)
    • ESDU 72012
      Information on the use of Data Items on the buckling of plates and compression panels manufactured from isotropic materials.
    • ESDU 72019
      Buckling of flat isotropic plates under uniaxial and biaxial loading.
    • ESDU 98016
      Elastic buckling of flat isotropic stiffened panels and struts in compression.
    • ESDU 01001
      Elasto-plastic buckling of flat isotropic stiffened panels and struts in compression.
    • ESDU 03001
      Elastic buckling of long, flat, symmetrically-laminated (AsBoDf), composite stiffened panels and struts in compression.
  • Section 7: Buckling of Rectangular Plates under Combined Loadings
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.04.01
      Buckling stress ratios for plates under uniform compression and shear.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.04.02
      Average and edge stresses for flat plates under shear and compression.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.04.04
      Initial buckling of flat plates under bending and compression or tension.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.04.05
      Initial buckling of flat plates under compression, bending and shear.
    • ESDU 69003
      The buckling of flat plates under non-uniform compression. Symmetric distributions due to initial or thermal stress.
    • ESDU 70002
      Buckling stress ratios for flat plates under shear and non-uniform compression.
    • ESDU 80035
      Buckling of outstanding flanges. Direct stresses varying linearly or parabolically.
  • Section 8: Buckling of Non-Rectangular Plates
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.46
      Buckling stress coefficients for flat parallelogram plates under uniform compression. (All edges fixed against rotation.)
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.47
      Buckling stress coefficients for parallelogram shaped panels in continuous flat sheet under uniform compression.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.48
      Buckling stress coefficients for flat plates tapered in plan, under compression.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.49
      Buckling stress coefficients for flat rectangular plates tapered in thickness, under compression.
    • ESDU 09013
      Initial buckling of flat isosceles triangular plates under compression reacted by compression and/or shear
  • Section 9: Buckling of Flat Rectangular Plates and Panels in Shear
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.03.02
      Flat panels in shear. Buckling of long panels with transverse stiffeners.
    • ESDU 71005
      Buckling of flat plates in shear.
    • ESDU 74022
      Buckling of corrugated shear webs.
    • ESDU 75034
      Initial buckling stress, maximum direct stress and shear strain of square plates in shear with central circular holes.
    • ESDU 75035
      Initial buckling of square plates in shear with central flanged circular holes.
    • ESDU 77014
      Flat panels in shear. Post-buckling analysis.
    • ESDU 02005
      Flat panels in shear - post-buckling analysis.
  • Section 10: Buckling of Curved Plates and Panels in Shear
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.03.18
      Buckling stress coefficients for curved plates in shear (axial length exceeding circumferential length, edges simply-supported).
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.03.19
      Buckling stress coefficients for curved plates in shear (circumferential length exceeding axial length, edges simply-supported).
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.03.24
      Strength of castellations in shear.
    • ESDU 77018
      Curved panels in shear. Post-buckling analysis.
  • Section 11: Laminated Composites - Analysis and Design
    • ESDU 82013
      Laminate stacking sequences for special orthotropy. (Application to fibre reinforced composites).
    • ESDU 85001
      Elastic stress and strain distributions around circular holes in infinite plates of orthotropic material (applicable to fibre reinforced composites).
    • ESDU 86003
      Example of the use of Data Item No. 85001. Choice of reinforcement for a circular hole in a fibre reinforced laminated plate. (Data relating to one particular set of laminate properties.)
    • ESDU 89013
      Transverse (through-the-thickness) shear stiffnesses of fibre reinforced composite laminated plates.
    • ESDU 94003
      Stiffnesses of laminated flat plates.
    • ESDU 94004
      Stress analysis of laminated flat plates.
    • ESDU 96036
      Design of laminated plates subjected to in-plane loads and bending moments.
    • ESDU 03013
      Thickness selection for the flanges and web of a composite I-section beam subjected to bending and shear.
  • Section 12: Buckling of Balanced Laminated Composites
    • ESDU 73015
      Estimation of the local buckling stress under biaxial compression of an isotropic skin with fibre reinforced integral unflanged stiffeners.
    • ESDU 80023
      Buckling of rectangular specially orthotropic plates.
    • ESDU 81047
      Buckling of flat rectangular plates (isotropic, orthotropic and laminated composite plates and sandwich panels).
    • ESDU 94005
      Buckling of flat rectangular orthotropic plates.
    • ESDU 94007
      Elastic buckling of cylindrically curved laminated fibre reinforced composite panels with all edges simply-supported under biaxial loading.
  • Section 13: Buckling of Unbalanced Laminated Composites
    • ESDU 94006
      Elastic buckling of unbalanced laminated fibre reinforced composite plates. (Rectangular plates of AsBtDs type, all edges simply-supported under biaxial loading.)
  • Section 14: Laminated Composites - Failure Criteria
    • ESDU 82025
      Failure modes of fibre reinforced laminates.
    • ESDU 83014
      Failure criteria for an individual layer of a fibre reinforced composite laminate under in-plane loading.
    • ESDU 84018
      Failure analysis of fibre reinforced composite laminates.
    • ESDU 91003
      Delamination of tapered composites.
    • ESDU 94019
      Through-the-thickness stresses and failure in the corner radius of a laminated composite section.
    • ESDU 95028
      Delamination and free edge stresses in composite laminates subjected to uniform prescribed axial strain and temperature change.
  • Section 15: Sandwich Panels under Normal Loading
    • ESDU 73025
      Stresses in the core of a sandwich panel under local normal loading.
    • ESDU 76013
      Elastic stresses and deflections under uniform pressure of flat rectangular sandwich panels; all edges simply-supported (isotropic face plates and orthotropic cores of zero flexural stiffness).
    • ESDU 76022
      Elastic stresses and deflections under uniform pressure of flat rectangular sandwich panels; long edges clamped, short edges simply-supported (isotropic face plates and orthotropic cores of zero flexural stiffness).
    • ESDU 77003
      Elastic stresses and deflections under uniform pressure of flat rectangular sandwich panels; all edges clamped (isotropic face plates and orthotropic cores of zero flexural stiffness).
  • Section 16: Sandwich Panels with Composite Face Plates
    • ESDU 87013
      Elastic wrinkling of sandwich columns and beams with unbalanced laminated fibre reinforced face plates (face plates of AsBoDs, AsBlDs and AsBsDs types).
    • ESDU 88015
      Elastic wrinkling of sandwich panels with laminated fibre reinforced face plates (face plates of AsBoDs, AsBlDs and AsBsDs types).
  • Section 17: Buckling of Sandwich Panels
    • ESDU STRUCT 07.03.01
      Sandwich panels with corrugated core and equal face plates. Transverse shear stiffness.
    • ESDU 66025
      Experimental determination of the shear and flexural stiffnesses of a sandwich panel.
    • ESDU 67022
      Modulus of rigidity of sandwich panels with hexagonal cell cores.
    • ESDU 67024
      Buckling loads in shear of flat sandwich panels. (Isotropic face plates and orthotropic cores of zero flexural stiffness, all edges simply-supported.)
    • ESDU 67025
      Buckling loads under combined longitudinal and transverse direct stress of flat sandwich panels. (Isotropic face plates and orthotropic cores of zero flexural stiffness, all edges simply-supported.)
    • ESDU 67026
      Buckling loads in shear of flat sandwich panels. (Isotropic face plates and corrugated cores, all edges simply-supported.)
    • ESDU 67032
      Buckling loads under combined longitudinal and transverse direct stress of flat sandwich panels. (Isotropic face plates and corrugated cores, all edges simply-supported.)
    • ESDU 68029
      Information on the use of Data Items on sandwich panels.
    • ESDU 68030
      Buckling loads in shear of flat sandwich panels. (Isotropic face plates and orthotropic cores of zero flexural stiffness, all edges clamped.)
    • ESDU 68031
      Buckling loads under combined longitudinal and transverse direct stress of flat sandwich panels. (Isotropic face plates and orthotropic cores of zero flexural stiffness, all edges clamped.)
    • ESDU 68032
      Buckling loads in shear of flat sandwich panels. (Isotropic face plates and corrugated cores, all edges clamped.)
    • ESDU 68033
      Buckling loads under combined longitudinal and transverse direct stress of flat sandwich panels. (Isotropic face plates and corrugated cores, all edges clamped.)
    • ESDU 68037
      Local instability of bonded corrugated-core sandwich panels under longitudinal compression. (Symmetrical cores with identical face plates.)
    • ESDU 80010
      Local instability of truss core sandwich panels under longitudinal compression.
    • ESDU 88032
      Wrinkling of sandwich panel face plates (isotropic face plates on orthotropic cores, in-plane loading or bending).
  • Section 18: Isotropic Plates under Pressure
    • ESDU 65002
      Elastic stresses and deflections for flat circular plates with D/t greater than or equal to 4 under uniform pressure.
    • ESDU 65003
      Elastic stresses and deflections for flat circular plates with D/t greater than or equal to 20 under uniform pressure.
    • ESDU 69018
      Elastic stresses and deflections for long flat rectangular plates under uniformly distributed and linearly varying normal pressure.
    • ESDU 69019
      Elastic stresses and deflections for long rectangular plates with small initial curvature under uniformly distributed normal pressure on the concave face.
    • ESDU 70001
      Elastic stresses and deflections for flat square plates under uniformly distributed normal pressure.
    • ESDU 71013
      Elastic direct stresses and deflections for flat rectangular plates under uniformly distributed normal pressure.
    • ESDU 87036
      Elastic stresses and deflections for square plates with small initial curvature under uniform pressure on the concave or convex face.
  • Section 19: Composite Plates under Pressure
    • ESDU 93011
      Flat rectangular orthotropic plates under uniformly distributed normal pressure. Elastic stresses and deflections for various forms of edge restraint.
  • Section 20: Struts
  • Section 21: Local Buckling
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.28
      Information on the use of Item No. 73007.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.34
      Estimation of the initial buckling stress under uniaxial compression of a skin with integral unflanged stiffeners.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.35
      Estimation of the initial buckling stress under uniaxial compression of a skin with Z-section stringers.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.36
      Estimation of the initial buckling stress under uniaxial compression of a skin with top hat section stringers.
    • ESDU STRUCT 02.01.37
      Estimation of the initial buckling stress under uniaxial compression of a corrugated sandwich panel.
    • ESDU 70003
      Local buckling of compression panels with unflanged integral stiffeners.
    • ESDU 71014
      Local buckling of compression panels with flanged stringers.
    • ESDU 73007
      Stiffness of loaded flat strips under sinusoidally distributed bending couples at their edges (for use in local buckling calculations). (Uniaxial or biaxial loading. Isotropic or orthotropic materials.)
  • Section 22: Design for Minimum Weight
    • ESDU 66006
      Design for minimum weight. Struts of uniform section. Thin-walled square tubes.
    • ESDU 66007
      Design for minimum weight. Struts of uniform section. I-sections.
    • ESDU 66008
      Design for minimum weight. Struts of uniform section. Minimum weights for various sections.
    • ESDU 70007
      Design for minimum weight. Compression panels with unflanged integral stiffeners having dimensional restrictions.
    • ESDU 75006
      Design for maximum structural efficiency. Isotropic sandwich panels under uniaxial compression.
    • ESDU 85014
      Design for minimum weight. Struts of uniform section. Thin-walled round tubes.
  • Section 23: Circular Frames
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.00
      Information on the use of data sheets 03.06.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.01
      Moments in circular frame due to concentrated loads and couples.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.02
      Direct forces in circular frame due to concentrated loads and couples.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.03
      Shear forces in circular frame due to concentrated loads and couples.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.04
      Radial deflections of circular frame due to concentrated loads and couples.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.05
      Bending moment in elliptical frames due to internal pressure.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.06
      Flexible circular frames supported by a shell. Moments in a frame due to concentrated couples.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.07
      Flexible circular frames supported by a shell. Moments in a frame due to concentrated tangential loads.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.08
      Flexible circular frames supported by a shell. Moments in a frame due to concentrated radial loads.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.09
      Flexible circular frames supported by a shell. Direct forces in a frame due to concentrated couples.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.10
      Flexible circular frames supported by a shell. Direct forces in a frame due to concentrated tangential loads.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.11
      Flexible circular frames supported by a shell. Direct forces in a frame due to concentrated radial loads.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.12
      Flexible circular frames supported by a shell. Shear forces in a frame due to concentrated couples.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.13
      Flexible circular frames supported by a shell. Shear forces in a frame due to tangential loads.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.14
      Flexible circular frames supported by a shell. Shear forces in a frame due to concentrated radial loads.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.15
      Flexible circular frames supporting a shell. Displacements due to concentrated loads and couples.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.16
      Flexible circular frames supporting a shell. Shear flow from shell to frame due to concentrated loads and couples.
    • ESDU STRUCT 03.06.17
      Flexible circular frames supporting a shell. The effect of adjacent frames and the longitudinal flexibility of the shell.
    • ESDU 83043
      Flexible circular frames supported by a shell. Moments, forces and displacements due to concentrated loads and couples.
    • ESDU 05003
      Loads in circular frames due to symmetric floor loading.
    • ESDU 05004
      Loads in circular frames due to hydrostatic pressure
  • Section 24: Diffusion Problems
  • Section 25: Cylinders and Pipes
    • ESDU STRUCT 04.09.01
      Collapse coefficients for unstiffened circular cylinders under uniform external pressure.
    • ESDU 66010
      Elastic stresses in a long circular cylindrical shell with a flat head closure under uniform pressure.
    • ESDU 67017
      Elastic stresses in the torispherical head of a pressure vessel of uniform thickness.
    • ESDU 68047
      Straight pipes under internal pressure. Effect of bore eccentricity on maximum stress.
    • ESDU 68048
      Straight pipes under internal pressure. Effect of initial non-circularity on maximum stress.
    • ESDU 74043
      Flexibilities of and stresses in unrestrained pressurised thin pipe bends subjected to in-plane bending.
    • ESDU 75014
      Flexibilities of and stresses in thin pipe bends under in-plane bending: influence of bend angle and tangent pipe ends.
    • ESDU 81041
      Flexibilities of and stresses in thin unpressurised pipe bends with flanged ends under in-plane bending: influence of bend angle.
    • ESDU 83034
      Elastic local buckling stresses of thin-walled unstiffened circular cylinders under combined axial compression and internal pressure.
    • ESDU 84006
      Elastic buckling of thin-walled unstiffened circular cylinders under bending, axial compression and internal pressure.
    • ESDU 84012
      Buckling of thin-walled unstiffened circular cylinders under torsion and pressure.
  • Section 26: Bolted Joints
    • ESDU 84039
      Strength of angles and club-foot fittings (transmitting tensile loads).
    • ESDU 14006
      Prediction of loads in shear cleat attachments
    • ESDU 85021
      Analysis of pretensioned bolted joints subject to tensile (separating) forces.
    • ESDU 14001
      Applying, measuring and maintaining pretension in steel bolts
    • ESDU 91008
      Strength of lugs under axial load
    • ESDU 06021
      Strength of lugs under transverse load.
    • ESDU 08007
      Strength of lugs under oblique load
  • Section 27: Bonded Joints
    • ESDU 78042
      Shear stresses in the adhesives in bonded joints. Single step double lap joints loaded in tension.
    • ESDU 79016
      Inelastic shear stresses and strains in the adhesives bonding lap joints loaded in tension or shear.
    • ESDU 80011
      Elastic stresses in the adhesive in single step double lap bonded joints.
    • ESDU 80039
      Elastic adhesive stresses in multistep lap joints loaded in tension.
    • ESDU 17004
      Guide to the use of Data Items in the design of bonded joints
  • Section 28: Hot Structures
    • ESDU 69015
      Solar heating. Total direct irradiance within the Earth's atmosphere.
    • ESDU 89021
      Information on the use of Data Items on hot structures.
    • ESDU 89022
      Heat transfer definitions and equations.
    • ESDU 89023
      Temperatures in plates subjected to a recovery temperature varying linearly with time.
    • ESDU 89024
      Resultant forces and moments in completely restrained plates subjected to a recovery temperature varying linearly with time.
    • ESDU 89025
      Thermal stresses in unrestrained plates subjected to a recovery temperature varying linearly with time.
    • ESDU 89026
      Temperatures in plates subjected to a sudden increase in recovery temperature.
    • ESDU 89027
      Steady state temperatures and thermal stresses in a spherical or cylindrical laminated shell.
  • Section 29: Component Idealisation for Finite Element Analysis
    • ESDU 84042
      Stiffness data for finite element calculations. Equivalent stiffness factors for shear webs.
    • ESDU 98012
      Flexibility of, and load distribution in, multi-bolt lap joints subject to in-plane axial loads.